The Palm Beach County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan Assignment

The Palm Beach County Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan - Assignment Example The National Incident Management System provides a template for the CEMP to follow since it is federally mandated for agencies at all levels of government, based on the Homeland Security Presidential Directive 5 (HSPD-5). The NIMS has been fully incorporated into all the response and recovery initiatives. The NIMS basically acts as a guideline for the CEMP since new frameworks do not have to be developed (Wilkinson, Lewis and Dennis, 2010). The CEMP developers only need to customize the structure of the NIMS to fit the needs of whatever geographical area they are working on (Chou and Chen, 2013). In this case, the guidelines of the NIMS can be adapted to fit Palm Beach County’s CEMP and work on original plans will be minimal. The CEMP has four essential elements, which are the Basic Plan, Standard Operating Guidelines (SOGs), Emergency Management (EM) Coordinating Procedures, and the Hazard Specific Plans (HSPs). The basic plan provides information on the concept of operations, coordination, control and organizational structure, general purpose, scope and methodology of the plan, and identifies responsibilities of all entities and resources harnessed by the County to help in disaster recovery (Nagar, 2010). SOGs are agency or section-specific and are used by organizations to actualize the purposes, missions, or operations outlined by the complimentary HSPs or Coordinating Procedures (Wilkinson, Lewis and Dennis, 2010). HSPs serve as the foundation for effective response to known hazards and support the incorporation of mitigation into response and recovery operations (Penuel, 2013). The Coordinating Procedures explain by Section, the primary, auxiliary, and coordinating entities, and their roles and responsibilities in the four stages of emergency management. The CEMP covers the following events: vi) Assigning specific and detailed functional duties to

Management Thoery and Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Management Thoery and Practice - Essay Example Although theories of Weber and Taylor are slightly dated today, they still offer a beneficial perspective. To Weber’s perspective, society, and also the workplace, is something that arises out of a state of chaos, so people want to make order out of chaos and make a workplace as real and rational as possible for them, and often this is in the form of the modern bureaucracy as Weber saw it. All industries have some degree of bureaucracy, and the beauty and hair salon industry is no different. Weber thought that people should look to the past and look at bureaucracies and also how they relate to the present situation, and we can still do this today. Weber also believed in the ideal type of the bureaucracy, or the optimal ideal. The ideal represents the idea, and the actual is represented by how things really are. There are possible problems in the situation because ideal types often do not live up to the real situation. Weber believed that focusing on the bureaucracy would yield positive results that could be construed in the value-neutral position of the bureaucracy. This led to his formulation of the ideal type methodology, which later functionalists would see as an automatic pattern of stability to be looked for in a societal context. Weber saw that the object of science was to make subjective observations of the bureaucracy’s function and look at these observations along methodological lines. Other early bureaucratic theories like those of Taylor stressed the presence of an ideal condition where complex tasks were simplified, so Taylor borrowed these notions and thought about how absolute standards could be put upon the subjectivity and reality observed by social science. â€Å"Taylors strongest positive legacy was the concept of breaking a complex task down in to a number of small subtasks, and optimizing the performance of the subtasks. This positive legacy leads to the stop-watch

Alcoholics and Liver Transplants Essay Example for Free

Alcoholics and Liver Transplants Essay Cohen and Martin do not believe that someone that has induced this disease by alcohol abuse is no less deserving of a liver transplant than someone that takes care of their self. They support the moral argument by stating, â€Å"If alcoholics should be penalized because of their moral fault, then all others who are equally at fault in causing their own medical needs should be similarly penalized†. One of the medical arguments that the authors combat is that liver transplants performed on alcoholics have a lower success rate then non-alcoholics. Statistics are presented in the text to argue this notion which really strengthens this aspect of the argument. They also state that a candidate for any other procedure would not be excluded because of the risk of success rate. This argument rises and falls based on what side you’re on. One could assume that most people waiting for a liver, who have never had a drink in their life would be very reluctant to side with this argument. However, an alcoholic or recovering alcoholic that needed a liver would more than likely be behind this passage all the way. One of the weaknesses of this argument was the comparisons that were made with other procedures. A reason why a doctor may be reluctant to transplant a liver to an alcoholic is the scarcity of the organ itself so comparing it to another organ that may be more abundant is asinine. Overall, this argument was moderately effective for the aforementioned reasons but I do not personally agree with the sentiments of the authors.

Are diamonds taken out of context today Essay Example for Free

Are diamonds taken out of context today Essay In todays society, we [as people] take many things out of context. For example, diamonds. A diamonds, is a naturally occurring gem that has become prized for an unknown reason. They have no absolute value, except the price man delegates them to be valued. Humans discovered diamonds over four thousand years ago. Since its discovery, the diamond has been the hardest natural substance on the earth. Along with its hardness, it is also the purest and most rare of all gems, making it both functionally and culturally valuable. With this combination of qualities, it is easy to see why it has been an object of obsession, ever since its discovery. However, I have come to believe that throughout our recent history of the gem, its cultural significance out weighs its functionality. Since, their discovery, diamonds have meant many things to many people. It has always been of the same beauty as it is today, but it started out as an evolutionary tool. The supreme hardness of the diamond makes it a fundamental industrial material that affects everyday life. According to the Museum of Natural History, It has three primary roles in industry: it is used as a cutting tool, it is imbedded in another material and used as a tool or abrasive, and it is also turned to powder or paste for grinding and polishing. It is selected for such use where its hardness and resistance to abrasion its long working life and fast cutting action outweigh its cost(AMNH). For any type of stone or masonry, as well as all types of metal that requires drilling, shaping, or polishing, diamonds may perform the task. In fact, diamonds are in such demand that, four times the amount produced naturally is grown synthetically for industry alone. That amounts to over 500 million carats or 100 metric tons (AMNH). As you can see, there are many functional uses for diamonds. They have created options, never thought possible, with previous technologies. Some of these things include; shaping eyeglasses, other gems, computer chips, and even blades used in critical surgeries. Record needles have used diamonds in for producing music for about fifty years. Unfortunately, due to ruthless marketing and advertising, the diamonds path soon changed. [As I stated above] Diamonds have always contained the same beauty. However, before 1938, the value of diamonds derived primarily from their worth as a rare stone. In 1938, the New York advertising agency of N. W. Ayers(r) was hired. Their job was to change the public attitude about diamonds. A company you might have heard of, DeBeers(r) the largest controller and harvester of diamonds in the world hired the agency. These two companies wanted to transform diamonds from a financial investment, to a symbol of committed and everlasting love. Finally, in 1947, an Ayers(r) advertising copywriter came up with the slogan a diamond is forever and the rest they say, is history (IBC). DeBeers'(r) new slogan revolutionized the diamond market. With their new symbol of love and faith, the diamond came to represent many different things from earlier days. Today the diamond symbolizes wealth, durability, status, and peerless quality. Across time and cultures, diamonds have also been associated with invulnerability, lighting, magic, healing, protection, and poisoning (AMNH). In the past, this beautiful nearly flawless gem was an extraordinary technological gain. However, today the combination of their beauty and near imperfection, makes the diamond the most sought after gem in the world. Due to advertisement and DeBeers(r) new slogan, diamonds became the cultural icon that they are. You see diamonds today in many forms: Earrings, necklaces, rings, watches and any other piece of jewelry you can imagine. I have even [personally] seen diamonds on a persons teeth. With all of these new places to put diamonds and the ever-growing demand to own them, it seems the views have changed. Besides the status symbols diamonds deliver they also represent longevity. By pairing an intimate personal commitment and a gem that lasted forever, they gave the notion that this was the only gift that can symbolize commitment. The pressure for a man to buy his new bride a symbol of their eternal love and loyalty for each other is extreme. It almost seems absurd, in this day and time, that a man would not buy a diamond to offer a woman for her hand in marriage. There is even a diamond guide: The four Cs. This guide helps a person understand these things: Cut, Color, Carat and Clarity of diamonds. This guide allows magnified inspection to prove purity of the gem. This also allows retailers to increase prices on gems that reach higher standards. Well, at least they last forever! Unfortunately, although a diamond lasts forever, after time companies suggest an upgrade to larger gems that represent stronger love. With this staggering support of logic, the diamond industry will forever boom. They have helped lead our culture, as well as many others, into almost idolizing the diamond. In my opinion, human desire for diamonds shows how advertisers have done their job. We have allowed a company to decide what we think is valuable. The ads for diamonds appeal to our inner desires to have something rare and precious. It seems to be in us all, to want nice things, but diamonds have coerced us to want more. They symbolize power and success and for some, diamonds represent quality of life. They are our cultures only remaining treasures; with the help of DeBeers(r) and other diamond retailers, it will remain that way until the end of our time.

Essay --

Dante’s Judgment of Edward Teach In Dante Alighieri’s The Devine Comedy, he explains his nine stages of hell based on different sins. They are limbo lust, gluttony, greed, anger, heresy, violence, fraud, and treachery. In Alighieri’s epic, limbo was the least serious level of sins and treachery was the highest level of sin. Edward â€Å"Blackbeard† Teach was a famous pirate who would have been considered to commit all of these sins. In Alighieri’s eyes Teach would have been put in the highest level of hell for committing all of the sins including treachery. Edward â€Å"Blackbeard† Teach was born in Bristol, England around 1960. Most likely has name may have actually been Edward Drummond but he introduced himself as Teach. He took the sea when he was a teenager and was recruited as a privateer for Queen Anne’s War. (Minster, â€Å"Biography of Edward â€Å"Blackbeard† Teach†). The time of Blackbeard’s life took place during the early 18th century and was referred as â€Å"The Golden Age of Piracy†. In order to stay a successful pirate, he wanted to be intimidating. Teach would always carry multiple weapons...

To Pursue Dreams :: Graduate Admissions Essays

To Pursue Dreams I was born and raised in a rural community in the Appalachian Mountains. Most of the local people work at farms, factories, or mills. Education is not deemed terribly important, since even a high school education is of little practical value. My mom dropped out of high school because she was pregnant, and has been a factory seamstress for fifty years. My father dropped out after 8th grade because his own father ran out on his family, leaving him to have to work. He has been a welder in a steel mill my whole life. They expected that my scholastic career would be roughly similar to theirs. My own goals, however, were much higher: I wanted to go to college -- and not just any college. I wanted to go to a really good one. I thought that a higher education was my ticket to a better life than my parents had, and so I focused on college with a driven passion. My "dream" schools included the University of Pennsylvania, Northwestern, Dartmouth, and Brown. I made lists and charts, and papered the walls of my room with pictures and statistics of these four institutions. The evening I received my SAT score (1300), my parents came home from work and I ran out to tell them that I might be able to get into one of my top choices for college. Though my head was in the clouds, my parents had their feet very firmly planted on the ground. They asked me if I knew what kind of kids went to "those" schools. Hesitating, I said, "...not really." My mother explained how the kids who went to "those" schools were wealthy and well-educated, with lots of "connections" that would help them get into college. She told me that I was neither rich nor terribly smart, and thus should consider schools that were "more my speed". I got applications for UNC-Chapel Hill, Wake Forest, and UNC-Asheville the next day. My father looked only at the UNC-Asheville booklet and said that it looked nice. My mother agreed, saying that I had finally chosen one school that I possibly could attend "in reality." My mother wouldn't even read the application booklet for Penn. My father snorted angrily if I so much as mentioned Northwestern. I was crushed. I began to wonder if my dream schools were just that: a fanciful dream.

Heat and Dust Essay

The era of the Victorian women spanned 64 years and concluded several changes in attitudes. The common thinking about women in the Victorian era was that a woman? s position was limited to domestic work and the care for her children. The stereotype of the distribution of roles was women staying by the hearth with their needles whilst men wielded their swords. Women had to bear a large family and to maintain a smooth family atmosphere whereby men did not need to bother himself about domestic matters. A gentlewoman ensured that the home was a place of comfort for her husband and family from the stresses of Industrial Britain. Victorian dresses show typical excessive style elements such as V-waists, layering of trims and bell sleeves. The Victorian head of household dressed his woman to show off family wealth. Additionally, there were great differences between members of society by the end of the Queen Victoria? s reign but the most instantly apparent difference was through the garments worn. Not only the dress code symbolized the status of a Victorian woman but also the circumstances she lived in. A wealthy wife was supposed to spend her time reading, sewing, receiving guests, going visiting, letter writing, seeing to the servants and dressing for the part as her husband’s social representative. In contrast, for the very poor of Britain society it was common to wear fifth hand clothes and to eat the pickings left over in a rich household. Whether married or single all Victorian women were expected to be weak and helpless so that they looked like â€Å"fragile delicate flowers incapable of making decisions†. Besides, if a woman took a lover it was not made public because if that became the case she would be cut by society. Instead, men could amble along to one of their gentlemen? s clubs and always find a â€Å"warm welcome†. Relationships in 1887 were quite artificial. A married woman could not own property and became a chattel of the man. A divorced woman had indeed no chance of acceptance in society again. At the end of Victorian times things changed and many women adopted the tailor made garment that showed their more serious concern to be recognized as thinking beings with much to offer society beyond being a social asset for a husband. New inventions such as sewing machine or railway and the capability to use those led to new thinking and women of all classes felt the dynamic atmosphere of change as much as men. Many women joined the Fabian Society, a group of non revolutionary thinking socialists and others sought reform for more practical dress, better education, the right to take up paid work and better employment prospects.

Notes on Medical Sociology

Moreover, medicine is a social institution of normative coercion, and medical sociology studies not only the subjective experience of health and illness but also the social, economical, and political context within those experiences take part. We said that medicine Is coercive since doctors regulate our lives through medical treatments and conceptualizing society (for example crime and rebellious acts). Thus, we can talk about a â€Å"medical regime† and a â€Å"medical government† (p. Xiv).Historically speaking, from the creation of medical sociology as a specific subfield of sociology (in the 1 ass's), It has been focus on the study of the relation between doctor-patient with vital Importance of the â€Å"sick role† (Parsons). But It must study beyond that relation; social class, ethnicity, gender, age, demographical issues, epidemiology, globalization†¦ All these elements become relevant nowadays (p. Xvi). Chapter 8 – The new medical sociology Our world has witnessed a huge International change called globalization.It has changed social and economical relations, and also political. Health issues such as WAITS have been spread by globalization (the increase of tourism, more flights, migration, trade†¦ So on). â€Å"Globalization has integrated world health into a single, highly Interconnected system† (p. 270). Thus, globalization spreads diseases (97 lion people traveled by air from the states to other countries by the rand;sass). Medical sociology has studied health and illness and medicine as a social institution. Also, it has created a complete body of knowledge, but we need to make a greater emphasis In other elements like economics, politics, rights, and citizenship, all of them key elements In the contemporary society. In few words, we need a new medical sociology since we have a new medical economy, which is based on the pharmaceutical industry, insurance companies, research and development in emetics, micro biology, Information science, management of life processes (reproduction, aging, death†¦ ) (p. 271). â€Å"In more direct terms. He medial economy Is based on the production, reproduction, and management of the human body' (p. 272). The modern context of medicine The medical profession used to rest on political powers and on the trust of the public. This statement entails the existence of a medical dominance and the existence of a consulting ethic. But these elements have changed because of the globalization (a global and corporate medical system) and the commercial potential f health and illness, changing the relations between doctors and patients.However, not always doctors have got such a great social prestige; medical discoveries Like Immunization, or Improvement In surgery Like anesthesia, electrolyte physiology, or cardiopulmonary physiology in the 20th century, had established medicine as a FIFO clientele attenuator Ana a prestige protesters. Nevertheless, meal technolo gy NAS advanced and it ruined medicine's autonomy, but these technological advances entail risks and dangers for social rights (p. 273). All these things have challenged the rust in medicine and doctors as professionals (p. 74). â€Å"Any understanding of medicine in contemporary society will have to examine the economics of the corporate structure of medical practice and locate that corporate structure within a set of global processes† (p. 274). The new medical economy has spread diseases and old pandemics, panicking society in specific cases like AIDS (Hollywood films have reflected that panic/fear). In this way, the new medical sociology must draw attention to citizenship and civil rights, like a clean environment, adequate food and water applies, medical services†¦ P. 275). The centralization of health and medical care has changed, as well, the model of health care. Nowadays we must study international health policies, which entail vital problems because of the natio ns' sovereignty and international treatments (like the human rights). As we see, politics are really related to the new medical economy (p. 276) NP: SE habit De medicine alternative, peer sat SE llama â€Å"alternative† pursue hay nun dominate.Thus, the new medical economy is liked with the rise of neo-liberal policies and ideology, and hey do not suit with the social-welfare-working-class ideology of Europe, where the health is a social and public issue (centralized more or less by the state), whereas in the States health is a private-individual matter (related to philanthropy as well) (p. 277). â€Å"The modern development of corporate control over medical care as contributed to the decline of professional autonomy, initiative, and social status† (p. 278).Furthermore, the free-market policies has undermined the welfare state in Europe and increased more the gap between classes in the US, increasing the poverty rates and the infant mortality. Also, the changes within the medical care system have brought physicians face to face since now there are more specialists (p. 279). The centralization of health care has also undermined the trust in doctors, since there are lots of different possibilities in the market (p. 279) NP: SE ha period conflate en la medicine o en Los mdiscos com functionaries p;blocs.Se deaconess De la technological o De la biracial. Reproductive technologies, microbiology, and genetic engineering have supposed huge changes within the medical system and the public confidence in the medical professionals. Moreover, hey have entailed a medical revolution which affects to all social rights (p. 280). â€Å"This revolution is a threat to traditional institutions and religious cosmologies, but it may also challenge the processes of political governance† (p. 281). Thus, the new medical sociology must take into account the concept of risk society/global risk.This notion of risk has to do with the unintended and unexpected results of medical research and experimentation (p. 281). In this way, the globalization and the expansion of capitalism have introduced private business into public universities and research entrees, creating bias within the investigations and doing less critical works. Moreover, within the new system there is a big problem with the patents of drugs (p. 282). (Examples De problems con patents en Г?Africa y USA pГg. 283).Regulation, the professions, and scientific knowledge â€Å"Globalization has intensified the dynamic relationship of risk and regulations† (p. 284). Regulations and deregulation play a complex game influenced by global cog pneumatically companies Ana tenet drugs' sloe erects are economy an protected, in many cases, by federal laws and federal agencies in the States. Some drugs constitute a whole lifestyle, like Approach or Pixel. The sociology of health and illness must study the measures of controlling these risks and the social agents that can make it poss ible; either the state or medical profession (p. 286).In the sass Parsons published The Social System, developing the concept of the sick role, and the notion of medical profession as a completely autonomous profession capable of manage its business and make a beneficial contribution to the medical academy. Moreover, he stated the existence and need of a medical power which consists in a deiced regime that must be accepted by the patient in order to return to a â€Å"normal/ healthy' state (since sickness is a kind of deviance). However, medical profession has proved that it is not so autonomous and it depends in these days on economical powers and financial relations (p. 86). In Britain, successive governments have tried to create medical markets in order to create medical competence (and they were successful as well as the changes within education system). The professions are disappearing, â€Å"the professions are not and cannot be effective regulatory devices in a global-risk society' (p. 288). The risk society has complex socioeconomic relations, thus, governments need specialized and expert opinions. But the scientific knowledge is profoundly linked with political issues and ideology.In many cases the chosen option attends more to political matters rather than health and welfare issues (p. 289). Furthermore, the scientific knowledge itself has become more complex and expertise do not always agree to each other. Also, the time is a vital problem for health policies and the management of risks. Drug tests and medical experiments need long periods of time, and this influences on the policies and on the economical/financial relations between companies, states, and universities (p. 290). Moreover, there are moral problems with organ transplants and cloning (p. 91). Technology, law, and the body The new medical sociology has to take into account international and national law since globalization creates new unregulated risks that must be regulated (like clon ing, reproductive technologies, or organ transplants). These laws have to constraint the bad unintended results of medical experimentation and investigation. Since neo-liberal ideas claim for a free market, the regulation of drugs and reattempts (of human rights) must be carried out by government and policies.Nevertheless, some authors think that those advances are going to be abided to capitalist economy, however, as Max Weber stated even the capitalist system needs a legal framework in order to work and legitimate its dynamic (p. 292). Thus, medical corporations want a free market in order to get more benefits albeit they need some kind of law to protect themselves and their products (p. 293). Medical citizenship The new medical sociology does not have to construct a concept of citizenship according to moral values (like human rights), since it is a positive science.Instead of that, sociology has treated citizenship in social terms, and I has acknowledged the central importance of health and medical technologies in the political struggle these days (p. 293). Thus, health is considered as a social right, but there is scarcity since our expectations (baby boomers' expectations above all) are much more higher than the actual capacity of medicine for providing treatments and solutions. Furthermore, tenure Is a Dalliance Detente â€Å"get economical Detentes† Ana â€Å"get inanely Testicles† (p. 294). Neo-liberal policies increase social inequalities and damaged social solidarity.Thus, social citizenship would be a good political response to bring up social Justice to our consumer culture. Since there is scarcity both social capital and social status play vital roles to maintain a healthy lifestyle, and this type of lifestyle is socially desirable since it is embedded in our consumer culture (probably because of capitalism but also because of the neo-conservative ideas you fight against scarcity and the high budgets => they passed the responsibility to individuals), and this is vital because nowadays there are more chronic diseases which need long-term social resources (p. 295 and 296).Thus, medical demands are (and will keep being) central in political campaigns, and social citizenship institutions would protect individuals from capitalist free-market. This means that sociology has to take into account this new political dimension very related to rights, freedoms, liberties, medicine, welfare (which is not the same as medicine), moral boundaries†¦ (p. 297). Moreover, the new medical sociology has to face the changes occurred within democracy. Since we live in a globalizes world, the boundaries of social rights have changed, as well as the concept of citizenship is more complex.Are outsiders subject o be medically treated? (p. 299). On the other hand, the new medical sociology must pay attention to the situation of women, since we live in a post-forbids society which keep the patriarchy as main element of gender dominance (p. 301). Equality and health We need to distinguish between morbidity rates and mortality rates since they show us changes over time (p. 302). Age, gender, ethnicity, class have to do with those health inequalities (p. 303). Cambiums en lass unfermented (important) en la paging 304. Neoconservatives and economic deregulation Keynesian era has ended and deregulation are common since the Cold War.The idea is to avoid free riders and let the market be free of governmental constraints. The public sector, thus, is transferring competences to the private sector, to individuals, and to charity and philanthropy. This entails a change in the very notion of social citizenship created by the welfare states (p. 307). Moreover, neoconservatives encourages the voluntary sector not because they want to create an â€Å"active citizenship†, but because it would decrease the public expenditure and he welfare services = public cost (p. 309). Conclusion: globalization, citizenship, and social capitalNeoconservatives is dangerous for individuals' health, for social cohesion (social capital) and for social rights since it diminishes governments authority (p. 310). Contemporary West is tied up to serve to market logic and economical rationalism (p. 311). The new medical sociology must explain those asymmetrical relations and connect our personal problems with the global social structure (as Wright Mills said) (p. 312). â€Å"Sociologists have the moral role to illuminate and criticize the social problems of the period in which he or she lives† (p. 312). Personal experiences are linked with bigger structures (p. 313).

Education in the United States Essay

Education in the United States of America is governed by the Department of Education. There are three different levels of control and funding for public education: federal, state, and local. In the United States school is mandatory from Kindergarten through High School, consisting of thirteen different grade levels. Students can obtain an education by attending a public school, a private school, or a home school. In order to ensure that all students obtain the academic knowledge needed to progress through the grade levels, standardized tests are given regardless of where a student obtains an education (United States Department of Education, 2005). Education in the United States is governed and funded mainly by local jurisdictions, with the state and federal governments supervising educational activities and ensuring that all local jurisdictions are administering standardized tests and obtaining the funding needed to operate adequate educational facilities. The Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution states that all powers that are not assigned to the federal government by the United States Constitution are reserved to the people or the individual states. As per the Tenth Amendment, the individual states control public education. Most states are divided into local jurisdictions that have elected school boards that oversee the individual school districts within its jurisdiction. The local school districts own and operate the public schools within its boundaries and are responsible for obtaining funding for each of the public schools they control (United States Constitution, Tenth Amendment, 1787). The majority of the funding for public education in the United States is obtained from local taxes and state governments. The federal government only provides 8. 5% of the funds for public education (National Center for Education Statistics, 2008). There has been some controversy over the No Child Left Behind Act passed in 2001 which allows the federal government to withhold funding if a state or local school district is not complying with the standards set forth in the No Child Left Behind Act. However, the funding withheld for non-compliance is not a significant amount (No Child Left Behind Act, 2001). There is a larger controversy over the local school districts obtaining funding primarily from local taxes. Local jurisdictions can impose many different types of taxes on its citizens. In the commonwealth of Massachusetts there has been controversy over the imposition of excise taxes and corporate taxes. Excise taxes are taxes that are not property taxes or taxes that are imposed based on statutory law. Corporate taxes are imposed on corporations within a certain jurisdiction that are paid to the local government. These taxes are in addition to any federal or state taxes that the corporation is responsible for. Businesses in the commonwealth of Massachusetts are required to pay quarterly excise taxes on an accelerated basis due 15 days prior to the end of each quarter. The first quarter payment is 40% of the required annual excise tax, the second and third payments are 25% each, and the fourth payment is 10% of the excise tax. The minimum amount of corporate excise tax required of all corporations operating within the commonwealth of Massachusetts is $456 per year regardless of whether or not the corporation made a profit that year (The National Federation of Independent Business, 2007). Chapter 70 Part 1, Title XII, Chapter 70 of the General Laws of Massachusetts regulates the financial disbursements awarded to each public school district throughout the commonwealth. The legislative intent of Chapter 70 is to assure fair and adequate minimum per student funding for public schools in the commonwealth by defining a foundation budget and a standard of local funding effort applicable to every city and town in the commonwealth (Chapter 70). Chapter 70 sets up rules on how to allocate the money. These rules set standards on how the money will be distributed if it is below a base amount or higher than a base amount. For example, in Section 13, Part B, the law states that â€Å"if the amount appropriated is more than the base amount, funds shall first be allocated to ensure that the state school aid for each municipality equals the base amount† (Chapter 70). This part tries to ensure that an equal distribution is set to each school. Although this is only occurs when more money is available, it still sets the standard that each school will at least get its base amount before other funds are distributed. In the event that there are not enough funds to cover the base, a formula has been established to attempt to make the distribution fair. The amount is reduced by a constant amount per student. The rate is found by the difference between the base amount and the actual amount divided by the total enrollment of the state (Chapter 70). Cambridge, Massachusetts Cambridge, Massachusetts is a city right outside Boston, Massachusetts. Cambridge is famous for its two prominent universities: Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The public school system in Cambridge is controlled by the Cambridge Public School District which consists of twelve elementary schools, of which eleven extend through eighth grade. There is only one high school in the Cambridge Public School District, Cambridge Rindge and Latin School. The Cambridge Public School District educates over 5,500 students every year with a project enrollment of 5,790 students for the 2008-2009 school year. The Cambridge Public School District has a proposed budget of $130,704,170. 00 for the 2008-2009 school year. This proposed budget has increased 2. 36% from the previous year. 75% of this proposed budget will be allocated to the individual schools within the district. The remaining 25% of this budget will be spent on administrative costs such as maintenance and security. The Cambridge Public School District is funded through a variety of sources in addition to local taxes. The Cambridge Public School District receives funds from thirteen federal grants awarded by the commonwealth of Massachusetts, eleven private grants, eleven revolving funds, ten state grants, two district federal grants, and one state-circuit breaker reimbursement. These grants account for $13,714,499 of the total funds needed to operate the schools within the Cambridge Public School District. The Cambridge Public School District also receives an average of $1,076 per student from Chapter 70 financial aid each year (Action Public Schools, 2006). Newton, Massachusetts Newton, Massachusetts is a suburb of Boston that consists of thirteen small villages. The Newton Public School District controls the fifteen elementary schools, four middle schools, and two high schools that are located in Newton, Massachusetts. The Newton Public School District educates an average of over 11,000 students each year throughout its twenty two public schools (Newton Public School District, 2008). The Newton Public School District has a proposed budget of $171,377,580 for the 2008-2009 school year. This proposed budget has increased 10. 5% from the previous year. According to this budget, the Newton Public School District spends $14,743 per student every year (Newton Public School District, 2008). The Newton Public School District is funded through a variety of sources in addition to local taxes. The Newton Public School District receives 55% of the revenue generated by the City of Newton. The Newton Public School District also receives over $8. 6 million dollars from federal, state, and private grants. Over $3 million dollars of the Newton Public School District budget is received from a program called Circuit Breaker which allocates special funds to school districts for additional special education courses. Federal, state, and private grants and the Circuit Breaker program account for almost $12 million dollars of the annual budget (Newton Public School District, 2006). The Newton Public School District also receives an average of $846 per student from Chapter 70 financial aid each year (Action Public Schools, 2006). Conclusions Allocating funds for public education in the United States is a complex process. Wealth and more funds do not necessarily lead to greater achievement by the students enrolled in the school district. Federal, state, and local jurisdictions must determine the most beneficial methods for allocating the educational funds available. These allocations are not equal and usually result in the more industrious neighborhoods receiving less funding from these sources, and incurring higher corporate taxes. The Newton Public School District receives less funding from external sources, and its businesses pay more corporate taxes. The allocated budget in the Newton Public School District is higher than the budget in Cambridge due to the fact that although the populations are similar, Newton operates twice as many educational facilities. . The Newton Public School District does not need the extra funds from external sources in order to reach its budget. Although the dollar amounts indicate an unfair advantage for the residents of Cambridge, both school districts are able to meet their budgets and educate their students adequately. Although the corporate tax system and excise tax system in Massachusetts may seem unfair to its businesses and residents, the public school districts within Massachusetts (including Newton and Cambridge) are able to meet the budget requirements due to the Chapter 70 allocations. The purpose of Chapter 70 is to create equality amongst the school districts and ensure that the cities that receive less corporate and excise tax are still able to operate successful public school districts so that every child within the commonwealth of Massachusetts has the opportunity to receive a quality education. REFERENCES The United States Census Bureau (2006). American FactFinder. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://factfinder. census. gov/ Action Public Schools (2006). Chapter 70 Aid Per Student High to Low. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://ab. mec. edu/about/Chapter70Aid/CH70PerStudentFY06. pdf Newton, Massachusetts (2008). 2008 Property Tax Rates. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://www. ci. newton. ma. us/Assessor/taxrate. htm Cambridge Massachusetts (2008). 2008 Property tax Rates. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://www. cambridgema. gov/CityOfCambridge_Content/documents/FY2008_Property_Tax_Update_Newsletter. pdf Newton Public School District (2008). General Information. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://www. newton. k12. ma. us Cambridge Public School District (2008). General Information. Retrieved April 1, 2008 from http://www. cpsd. us/index. cfm

Rain of gold Essay

In â€Å"Rain of Gold† is a detailed history of three generations of two families that have adventures and struggles overcoming many obstacles such as poverty, violence and discrimination. Initially caught up in the Mexican revolution of 1910. Tracing their migration to the United States and the difficulties they faced, it portrays an accurate picture of life in Mexico in the early 1900’s and in the coastal area of California during the time of prohibition through the 1930’s. . Socially Espirito lived in poverty that he needed some money for his people he had some sweet water that he had gotten from the Rio Urique River to go and sell it to Don Carlos store because they were poor and wanted some money for their people. So then he gave Don Carlos some gold nuggets that were worth a lot of money so he started trading the stones for food and clothing after don Carlos saw how much he was making then later, he made an offer to espirito to sell him the part of the spring but the spring was from the people who use it. Politically don Carlos sold the river because he could not get more gold because he and espirito they made an agreement saying that don Carlos will be able to only get the gold from the top part of the canyon cliff and not to dig any part around the river. So after a couple of years he knew that the best thing to do was to sell the canyon cliff to someone else. Don Carlos sold the canyon cliff to Bernardo Garcia he was a rancher that had no fear to no one or anything, he decided to dig into the river to get more gold out of it, went he knew that he wasn’t getting gold anymore he sold the canyon cliff to an American miner’s company. Everything around canyon cliff started to disappear by constructing large buildings, roads after the company prospered in 1910. Economically espirito peoples was really affected when they got kicked out of the canyon cliff because the money they were making it was for the American mining. Socially Lupe Gomez had to work at a young age and she also would help her mother with the mineros to make the food, but one day moved with her family to the U.S. in 1923 to work in the cotton and fruit fields of Arizona and California and married Juan Salvador Villasenor, who had taken a similar route, in 1929. Socially Juan was in so much in discrimination when he left Mexico to go to Los Angeles with his family.one day Juan went to a cafà © to eat breakfast and he asked for ham and eggs and coffee when the man saw him he told Juan â€Å"but you see, my waitress, she’s new and so she didn’t know we can’t serve the Mexicans.†(Villasenor pg.232). Like on where I saw on a video that there was this soldier that was working for 38 months in the u.s.a he went to this restaurant and on outside the restaurant he saw a sign that said â€Å"no Mexicans allowed.†(Los Mineros). The Mexicans were discriminated just because they were Mexicans or also because of their skin color. Politically, the laws in the United States in the 1900s was the Mexicans were not allowed in restaurants, schools, stores, and other places just because of their skin color and because they were Mexicans. Economically In conclusion, this story is based on how this families have differences between the two families’ difficult journeys of survival yet, portrays their similarities and how their journeys culminate in the joining of the two families through the marriage of the youngest son of the Villasenor family and the youngest daughter of the Gomez family. The two families experience contrasting journeys as Juan’s family was poor in Mexico after once being rich, however, in the United States, his family becomes better off due to Juan’s entrepreneurial activities. Meanwhile, Lupe’s family does not experience the same fortune as they leave Mexico as a lower-middle class family that supported itself through its serving food to miners and occasional finding of gold, and they are not able to obtain economic prosperity when crossing into the United States and struggle to settle down and are continuously moving as they work in the fields picking crops from one place to another following the harvest. Despite the difficulties that these two Mexican families suffer in their attempt to escape the Revolution and in their hope of a better life in the United States, Rain of Gold depicts the social and economic struggles of Mexican families and the prejudice they experience in the United States and how Mexican immigration is similar to African immigration as well as Chinese and Japanese immigration into the United States. Prior to both families’ immigration to the United States, Juan and Lupe’s families are centered around their mothers. Bibliography All the sources I used: 1. Victor Villasenor 2. Acuna 3. â€Å"Los Mineros† PBS.1992.

Free Essays on Importance Of Globalization

The Importance of Globalization This report is about Globalization. Globalization can be very prosperous for a country or it could ravage a country’s economic currency. Malaysia’s Prime Minister, Dr. Mahathir Mohamad, used the World Bank meeting in Hong Kong to speak out against the evils of Globalization, after Mahathir’s stock and currency were scourged by global and local investors. Dr. Mahathir’s economic stock and currency were ravaged because he did not use his money wisely. He was over borrowing and over building. He built the two largest office buildings in the world, but he lost money from that because there was nobody to rent the space. The KLCI, the Dow Jones of Malaysia, fell forty eight percent in 1997! When U.S. Secretary of Treasury Robert Ruben was talking to Mahathir he referred to Globalization as an electronic herd. â€Å" The electronic herd is often an anonymous stock, bond, currency traders, and multinational investors connected by screens and networks. The herd knows whom it rules. But the rules of the herd are pretty consistent. They are the rules of the golden strait jacket,† said Mr. Ruben. The electronic herd is made up of two groups, the â€Å" short horn cattle † and the â€Å" long horn cattle. † The short horn cattle are all the people who buy stock and sell stock, have bonds and currencies around the world, and who move their money around on a very short - term basis. This includes Merrill Lynch and anyone who has a P.C. and a modem who can trade on line all over the world. The long horn cattle are multinational companies like General Electrics, the IBM’s, and there are many more. Supermarkets have now replaced Superpowers as mega markets. The mega markets are Tokyo, Frankfurt, Sydney, Singapore, Shanghai, Hong Kong, Bombay, Sao Paulo, Paris, Zurich, Chicago, London, and New York City. By 1997 twenty–five supermarkets controlled eighty – three percent of t... Free Essays on Importance Of Globalization Free Essays on Importance Of Globalization The Importance of Globalization This report is about Globalization. Globalization can be very prosperous for a country or it could ravage a country’s economic currency. Malaysia’s Prime Minister, Dr. Mahathir Mohamad, used the World Bank meeting in Hong Kong to speak out against the evils of Globalization, after Mahathir’s stock and currency were scourged by global and local investors. Dr. Mahathir’s economic stock and currency were ravaged because he did not use his money wisely. He was over borrowing and over building. He built the two largest office buildings in the world, but he lost money from that because there was nobody to rent the space. The KLCI, the Dow Jones of Malaysia, fell forty eight percent in 1997! When U.S. Secretary of Treasury Robert Ruben was talking to Mahathir he referred to Globalization as an electronic herd. â€Å" The electronic herd is often an anonymous stock, bond, currency traders, and multinational investors connected by screens and networks. The herd knows whom it rules. But the rules of the herd are pretty consistent. They are the rules of the golden strait jacket,† said Mr. Ruben. The electronic herd is made up of two groups, the â€Å" short horn cattle † and the â€Å" long horn cattle. † The short horn cattle are all the people who buy stock and sell stock, have bonds and currencies around the world, and who move their money around on a very short - term basis. This includes Merrill Lynch and anyone who has a P.C. and a modem who can trade on line all over the world. The long horn cattle are multinational companies like General Electrics, the IBM’s, and there are many more. Supermarkets have now replaced Superpowers as mega markets. The mega markets are Tokyo, Frankfurt, Sydney, Singapore, Shanghai, Hong Kong, Bombay, Sao Paulo, Paris, Zurich, Chicago, London, and New York City. By 1997 twenty–five supermarkets controlled eighty – three percent of t...

Islam essays

Islam essays 1. Define the principle beliefs of Islam. Islam has many important beliefs, which can be categorized into the five pillars. The first pillar is the declaration of faith (shahada). This includes the belief in only one god, Allah. The second pillar is prayer (salat) which includes praying five times daily. The third pillar is fasting (sawm) during Ramadan (the holy month), in which one cannot eat from dawn to dusk. The fourth is Almsgiving (zakat) where, the wealthy take care of the less fortunate and give to charity. The fifth pillar is the Hajj, a pilgrimage to Mecca, which includes enduring religious rites for 10 days. All Muslims should experience at least once in a lifetime. 2. Describe the basic ethical system of Islam. Islam ethics are all guided by the Quran and the Hadith. The Quran and Hadith are the two main books or scriptures of the Islam religion, in which all actions and questions can be answered in question of their ethical validity. If these books do not directly speak of the issue at hand, similar topics are looked at in the Quran or Haddith, and by the Qurans stated beliefs, changes are made to identify the problem at hand. In addition to the ethical system and use of the books, all actions whether they be individual, social or even political, can be categorized into two different categories, Halal (permitted) or Haram (forbidden). There are four different levels to what is considered Halal. There is 1) obligatory 2) recommended 3) permissible and 4) discouraged but allowed. Therefore, based on these rules all actions can be decided whether they are ethically right or wrong. In addition to this, all Muslims have two types of duties. The first of which is their duties to Alla h, which included utter submission to him. The second is their duties to humankind, which includes charity. In conclusion, it is ...

Communist Manifesto essays

Communist Manifesto essays The Communist Manifesto Seen Through the Eyes of Karl Marx and Practiced by Other Great Leaders The Communist Manifesto written by Karl Marx and Frederic Engels is one of the most influential books targeted towards communism that has ever been written. This short treatise was published in 1848 and would become one of the most important political influences in European history. Throughout history leaders such as V.I. Lenin and Mao Zedong have followed the foundation laid out by Marx yet have been unsuccessful in establishing such utopia, and adapted them to different political circumstances to make the government work better. Marx and Engels bean their treatise with the statement that the history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggle. In his book Karl Marx attempts to explain the evolution of human civilization. The proletarians were the lower strata of the middle class consisting of shopkeepers, trades people, the handicraftsmen, the retired tradesmen and peasants. The bourgeoisie were the upper middle class that consisted of the landlord, the shopkeeper, landowners, politicians, factory owners, etc. They were the e greedy members of the conspiracy of wealth. The proletariats were considered the working class while the bourgeoisie were the ruling class. Marx said that because of the constant clash between these two classes there would be a fierce and destructive revolution by the proletariats. He predicted that the working class would overthrow the riling class. To Marx, the bourgeoisie is corrupt, callous and egotistical. On the other hand, the proletariats fight a gainst the bourgeoisie to save from their existence as fractions of the middle class (19). The bourgeoisies gets their power by owning land and controlling society with capital. According to Marx those who work, acquire nothing, and those who acquire anything, do not work"...

Analyzing Music Essays

Analyzing Music Essays Analyzing Music Paper Analyzing Music Paper Analyzing Music Music Music is essential for everyday life. It has been shown that music helps relax, encourage, motivate, and even heal certain individuals. Many individuals rely on music to help relieve stress or combat the effects of a disaffiliating illnesses. Studies have also shown that music enhances brain neurons to be more active which results in better concentration during school activities and sports. Movies even use music to set the stage. It can sadden or excite its audience and enhances their viewing pleasure. Exercise instructors, as well, use music to influence their classes by establishing a fast or slow tempo. Music can change an individuals state of mind, attitude, and tone just by the beats of a melody. Different kinds of music initiate different moods. There is a multitude of music, such as, R B, Spanish, techno, country, classical, rock, and in each category of music there is are subcategorize of music. Each type of music sets distinct mood or condition for its surroundings effecting a certain result in a individual. For instance, a day as a teenager, is one prime example of a broad usage of musical settings. For most teenagers attending school is a burden and waking up at dawn is not music, school, individual, type, listening, just, brain, tempo, state, significant, pain, mozart, mood, exercise, different, day, studies, individuals, he/she, fast, example, even, classical, certain, way, thus, teen, surgery, study, students, slow, relax, ready, patients, one

The Lowell Mill Girls in the 19th Century

The Lowell Mill Girls in the 19th Century The Lowell Mill Girls were female workers in early 19th century America, young women employed in an innovative system of labor in textile mills centered in Lowell, Massachusetts. The employment of women in a factory was  novel to the point of being revolutionary. And the system of labor in the Lowell mills became widely admired because the young women were housed in an environment which was not only safe but reputed to be culturally advantageous. The young women were encouraged to engage in educational pursuits while not working, and they even contributed articles to a magazine, the Lowell Offering.   The Lowell System of Labor Employed Young Women Francis Cabot Lowell founded the Boston Manufacturing Company, prompted by the increased demand for cloth during the War of 1812. Utilizing the latest technology, he built a factory in Massachusetts which used water power to run machines that processed raw cotton into finished fabric. The factory needed workers, and Lowell wanted to avoid using child labor, which was commonly used in fabric mills in England. The workers did not need to be physically strong, as the work was not strenuous. However, the workers had to be fairly intelligent to master the complicated machinery. The solution was to hire young women. In New England, there were a number of girls who had some education, in that they could read and write. And working in the textile mill seemed like a step up from working on the family farm. Working at a job and earning wages was an innovation in the early decades of the 19th century, when many Americans still worked on family farms or at small family businesses. And for young women at the time, it was considered a great adventure to be able to assert some independence from their families. The company set up boardinghouses to provide safe places for the women employees to live, and also imposed a strict moral code. Instead of it being thought scandalous for women to work in a factory, the mill girls were actually considered respectable. Lowell Became the Center of Industry Francis Cabot Lowell, the founder of the Boston Manufacturing Company, died in 1817. But his colleagues continued the company  and built a larger and improved mill along the Merrimack River in a town which they renamed in Lowells honor. In the 1820s and 1830s, Lowell and its mill girls became fairly famous. In 1834, faced with increased competition in the textile business, the mill cut the workers wages, and the workers responded by forming the Factory Girls Association, an early labor union. The efforts at organized labor were not successful, however. In the late 1830s, the housing rates for the female mill workers were raised, and they attempted to hold a strike, but it did not succeed. They were back on the job within weeks. Mill Girls and Their Cultural Programs Were Famous The mill girls became known for engaging in cultural programs centered around their boardinghouses. The young women tended to read, and discussions of books were a common pursuit. The women also began publishing their own magazine, the Lowell Magazine.  The magazine was published from 1840 to 1845, and sold for six cents a copy. The content poems and autobiographical sketches, which were usually published anonymously, or with the authors identified solely by their initials. The mill owners essentially controlled what appeared in the magazine, so the articles tended to be a positive nature. Yet the magazines very existence was seen as evidence of a positive work environment.   When Charles Dickens, the great Victorian novelist, visited the United States in 1842, he was taken to Lowell to see the factory system. Dickens, who had seen the horrible conditions of British factories up close, was very impressed at the conditions of the mills in Lowell. He was also impressed by the publication issued by the mill workers. The Lowell Offering ceased publication in 1845, when tensions between the workers and the mill owners increased. Over the last year of publication the magazine had published material that was not entirely positive, such as an article which pointed out that loud machinery in the mills could damage a workers hearing. When the magazine promoted the cause of a workday shortened to ten hours, tensions between workers and management became inflamed and the magazine was shut down. Immigration Brought the End of the Lowell System of Labor In the mid-1840s, the Lowell workers organized the Female Labor Reform Association, which tried to bargain for improved wages. But the Lowell System of Labor was essentially undone by increased immigration to the United States. Instead of hiring local New England girls to work in the mills, the factory owners discovered they would hire newly arrived immigrants. The immigrants, many of whom had come from Ireland, fleeing the Great Famine, were content to find any work at all, even for relatively low wages.

Canadian Prime Minister John Diefenbaker

Canadian Prime Minister John Diefenbaker An entertaining and theatrical speaker, John G. Diefenbaker was a Canadian populist who combined conservative politics with social justice issues. Of neither French nor English ancestry, Diefenbaker worked hard to include Canadians of other ethnic backgrounds. Diefenbaker gave western Canada a high profile, but Quebecers considered him unsympathetic. John Diefenbaker had mixed success on the international front. He championed international human rights, but his confused defense policy and economic nationalism caused tension with the United States. Birth and Death Born on Sept. 18, 1895, in Neustadt, Ontario, to parents of German and Scottish descent, John George Diefenbaker moved with his family to Fort Carlton, Northwest Territories, in 1903 and Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, in 1910. He died on Aug. 16, 1979, in Ottawa, Ontario. Education Diefenbaker received a bachelors degree from the University of Saskatchewan in 1915 and a masters in political science and economics in 1916. After a brief enlistment in the army, Diefenbaker then returned to the University of Saskatchewan to study law, graduating with an LL.B. in 1919.   Professional Career After receiving his law degree, Diefenbaker set up a law practice in Wakaw, near Prince Albert. He worked as a defense attorney for 20 years. Among other accomplishments, he defended 18 men from the death penalty. Political Party andRidings (Electoral Districts) Diefenbaker was a member of the Progressive Conservative party. He served  Lake Centre from 1940 to 1953 and  Prince Albert from 1953 to 1979. Highlights as Prime Minister Diefenbaker was Canadas 13th prime minister, from 1957 to 1963. His term followed many years of Liberal Party control of the government. Among other accomplishments, Diefenbaker  appointed Canadas first female federal Cabinet minister, Ellen Fairclough, in 1957. He prioritized extending the definition of Canadian to include not only those of French and English ancestry.  Under his prime ministership, Canadas aboriginal peoples were allowed to vote federally for the first time, and the first native person was appointed to the Senate. He also found a market in China for prairie wheat, created the National Productivity Council in 1963, expanded old-age pensions, and introduced simultaneous translation in the House of Commons. Political Career of John Diefenbaker John Diefenbaker was elected leader of the Saskatchewan Conservative Party in 1936, but the party did not win any seats in the 1938 provincial election. He was first elected to the Canadian House of Commons in 1940. Later,  Diefenbaker was elected leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada in 1956, and he served as leader of the Opposition from 1956 to 1957. In 1957, the Conservatives won a minority government in the 1957 general election, defeating Louis St. Laurent and the Liberals. Diefenbaker was sworn in as prime minister of Canada in 1957. In the 1958 general election, the Conservatives won a majority government. However, the Conservatives were back to a minority government in the 1962 general election. The Conservatives lost the 1963 election and Diefenbaker became leader of the opposition. Lester Pearson became prime minister. Diefenbaker was replaced as leader of the Progressive Conservative Party of Canada by Robert Stanfield in 1967. Diefenbaker remained a member of Parliament until three months before his death in 1979.

Rhetorical Communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rhetorical Communication - Essay Example It is quite unusual to compare these forms of expression because they differ in purpose, appeal, argumentation, language usage, and eventually in literary devices presence. The most obvious difference concerns the aim of creation these two literary genres. Rhetoric always has a purpose, and its purpose is to persuade listeners in something. That is why despite the fact that Lincoln`s speech seems not to have obvious persuasion motive it is still aimed to influence the public in a certain way and provoke certain reaction. Lincoln is going to become a President for the second time and in his speech he needs to sum up his previous work. Nevertheless, he still needs to look in future that is why in his rhetoric he aims to combine his experience at president`s post with his expectations regarding future. The main topic of his speech is Civil War, and unfortunately the discussion of this topic is painful and unpleasant for the nation but the President needs to do it. In the very first paragraph Lincoln touches the topic of Civil War and outlines vague mood of the nation regarding this issue: â€Å"The progress of our arms, upon which all else chiefly depends, is as well known to the public as to myself, and it is, I trust, reasonably satisfactory and encouraging to all. With high hope for the future, no prediction in regard to it is ventured.† Further Lincoln briefly explains the situation, the reasons, and the negative consequences of the Civil War. Emily Dickenson as a poetess explores emotional side of the event and tries to demonstrate the War from her perspective of an ordinary citizen by examining the concepts of victory and defeat: Dickenson does not need to persuade someone in something, the aim of her poetry is self- discovery, deeper reflection, and expression of opinion on the topic. However, it is possible to suggest that the purpose of the poetry is elusive as the purpose of art in general as it mostly

Zara Case IT for Fast Fashion Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Zara IT for Fast Fashion - Case Study Example From this paper it is clear that information technology has enabled Zara to disrupt existing technology applied in the clothing retail industry by other companies such as Inditex. Zara applies point on sale (POS) to serve its client instead of normal tallying of products at the counter. Zara switched DOS operating system to mouse technique in order to speed up its transaction at the counter. This approach made Zara compete other exiting companies such Gap, H&M, and Inditex among other clothing companies. The idea was to penetrate the market using a technology, which was not existing. Largely, Zara was able to serve clients in markets, which had competitors.This study highlights that  Zara was able to acquire more customers in a flooded market. Introduction of unique technology outweigh the preexisting technology thus reducing efficiency of the technology in comparison to the modern technology. For instance, introduction of point on sale operating system influenced the speed of comp leting transactions at the counter. Its application influences the number of clients willing to buy product from the store because many clients would like to spare time. Disruptive companies introduce products, which increase efficiency and effectiveness. Point on sale is effective because it interpret the price of the product at a glance. It redeems time because it can handle many clients at very short time. Uniqueness in product delivery usually influences consumer behavior in the market.... Point on sale is effective because it interpret the price of the product at a glance. It redeems time because it can handle many clients at very short time. Uniqueness in product delivery usually influences consumer behavior in the market. Queuing in a large store such as Zara is hectic because of large volume of clients served. Efficiency of the service provided would influence clients to buy products from the store. Apparel Industry Model Gap spends much money on advertisement because its products do not command large market share or influence. The objective of advertising is to create awareness about the existence of the product in the market and to influence consumers to buy the products (Businessweek. 2007). Gap takes long before introducing new apparel in the market. The month of August dominates the period when Gap introduced its product in the market. Gap primarily manufactures its goods in San Francisco, United States (Engler, 2004). Gap primary sources of risk in manufactur ing include delay in logistics, which influences the time a product arrives in the market. The company risks introducing out of fashion products because of the shipping time. Fashion influences retailing of clothing apparel. Gap makes money by selling its products in various markets. Gap competitive advantage is production of anti-sweat products, which many clients seem to like. Zara customer characteristics Zara’s customer characteristic consists of you people who are quick to respond to fashions in the market (Inditex 2011). Age influence demand and taste for products. Zara directs its product to young people who dwell in cities. City dwellers like responding to change in fashion by buying new products introduced. This consumer behavior has influenced

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Various Institutions of Social Structure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Various Institutions of Social Structure - Essay Example The Conflict Paradigm applies in this scenario as the institutions in place in New Orleans were for the protection of the wealthy while the poor were exploited. After the hurricane had passed, the pictures coming out of the city showed the plight of poor, mostly African American, and this further strengthened the Conflict Paradigm. When FEMA (Federal Emergency Management Agency) started giving out help, it required that aid recipients register online or through an 800 number. Once again the social structure favored those with an internet or phone connection and those really needing the aid had no way to ask for it. In the months following the Hurricane, as New Orleans was being resettled, the rich and the wealthy were the first to return while the poor are still struggling and living as refugees all over the country. This, once again, only reinforces the conflict paradigm. 1b) According to the Functionalist Paradigm the â€Å"member of the society see the social structure as legitimate and therefore strive to maintain that social structure.† The Functionalist Paradigm sees the social structure as being stable and in equilibrium and its members striving to maintain the status quo. Post-Katrina was a time of rapid change in New Orleans. The social structure quickly moved to a balanced stable society and the various social institutions chipped in to help rebuild the city. However, once a certain level of stability had been achieved, i.e. once a certain number of citizens had returned and resumed their normal life, the stabilization process slowed down. This resulted in a new equilibrium being set in the post-Katrina New Orleans.

Social Policy Development Pertaining to Education in India Essay

Social Policy Development Pertaining to Education in India - Essay Example imarily comprised of two areas that are one that were directly under the control and the administration of Great Britain and then there were the princely states that were under the dominion of the native rulers, who exercised their jurisdiction on behalf of the British Crown (Mill & Thomas 1976). Before the revolt of 1857, India was under the rule and control of the British East India Company. A formal system of governance under the British dominion was introduced in India in 1858 when the British East India Company passed over the control of India to the Crown then represented by Queen Victoria (Mill & Thomas 1976). Queen Victoria was formally proclaimed the empress of India in the year 1877. The British colonial rule in India lasted until 1947. The non-violent opposition and resistance to the British rule initiated and guided by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi popularly known as Mahatma Gandhi finally brought freedom to India in 1947 (Mill & Thomas 1976). Indian scholars and historians respond to the British colonial rule with a mixed sentiment. Some hold the British responsible for depriving India of its economic prowess and wherewithal through a system of sustained exploitation. Then there are others who appreciate the British for introducing the policies and measures that led to the modernization of India. Perhaps, the truth lies somewhere between these two views. 3.0 Indian Education System under the British Modern education in India is the result of gradual evolution. History of education in India is closely linked up with the history of education in England. The beginnings of the modern system of education in India can be traced to the efforts of the Christian missionaries who poured into India in the wake of European traders (Willinsky 2000, p. 97). It was the... This paper stresses that in many ways and perspective, India could be considered to be a modern and democratic nation with a fast growing economy that to a great extent is integrated with the outside world. In that context the challenges before the Indian education system are immense and multifarious. However, it would be pragmatic to touch upon a few issues that are of immense importance to India, being a mature and responsible member of the international community. This report makes a conclusion that subjugation is not an ideal state of existence for any nation, still the British Raj did one good thing that is it introduced and exposed the Indian education system to Western thought, literature and scientific knowhow. Not to say, the policy makers and administrators in the independent India did much to build on the start given by the Raj. The current economic growth and development of the modern India to a great extent testifies to the success of its education system and educational policies. Still, the policy developments in India need to go a step ahead to include the weaker and sidelined segments of the Indian population. Besides, India also needs to get over its cultural and political compulsions and hesitations to make way for the inclusion of such subjects and disciplines in its education system that are in tandem with the trends prevailing in the free and modern nations.

Integrated case study of Orion company Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 9000 words

Integrated case study of Orion company - Essay Example According to Ahlstrom and Bruton (2009) businesses today are focused on international competition and opportunities afforded by globalization. It is further mentioned that competition has increased greatly during the past two decades due to globalization and the energizing forces of technological changes and major financial innovation. Management in modern environment, where tastes, likes and dislikes changes every minute, is an herculean task as it requires the leaders to create and develop an effective strategy that could withstand the consumer demand, product innovation, effective human resource management, employee retention and motivation, consumer relationship, marketing, etc. Similarly, international business management requires formulating strategy that addresses all the issues hitherto mentioned, but also addresses issues pertaining to organizational culture because they may be working in a different setup with people of different culture, political, legal, environmental con cerns and socio economic issues. Phatak (2006) states that the need for international management arises with a firm’s initial involvement in international operations by way of exports of its products, technology, or services to foreign markets. Orion Food Industries produces a range of ready prepared meals for local market and distribution within West and East Malaysia has achieved national coverage with retail sale made direct to supermarket in major population centres. Further export markets also booming and according to British Press, curry has replaced fish and chips as the number one food of choice in Europe. Assuming this as the greatest opportunity for Orion Foods and to seize the available opportunity, this report aims to provide the strengths and weaknesses of Orion Foods in regard to International Business expansion in European in terms of human resource, culture, management, market structure, and

The Art and Science behind Ron Howards movies Essay

The Art and Science behind Ron Howards movies - Essay Example Although these two movies dive deeply into the struggles of human life: one inevitable (old age) and the other unfortunate (schizophrenia). This write-up explores Ron Howard’s work in both of these movies, focusing on the distinct style the director has used for respective storytelling. Director’s Cut Cocoon (1985) â€Å"Something extraordinary and unexpected can happen any time.† (Gray, 2003) Calling Cocoon just a science fiction movie would be wrong on my part and would not do justice to Howard’s vision of David Saperstein’s unpublished novel (Gray, 2003). The film explores multiple interwoven themes such as ageing, life’s sufferings associated with age, friendships, relationships, aliens etc. and genres such as comedy, science fiction and inspirational drama. There are several storylines that run throughout the movie; (i) that of three-retirement community senior citizens, Arthur (Don Ameche), Ben (Wilford Brimley), and Joe (Hume Cronyn) w ho yearn to bring back their youth and energy, which they used to rekindle their sexual desires and to engage in socializing and enjoying life once again (ii) another senior citizen Bernie (Jack Gilford) whose pessimistic attitude and stand on ethics costs him the life of his wife (iii) a group of aliens from planet Antarea led by Walter (Brian Dennehy) who return to earth in search of their fellow Antareans and who stumble upon emotions that could only be experienced by a human. The way Howard details the lives of all these individuals, particularly life in elderly homes (that can tend to be a dragging subject), is impressive. He shares the same stories from different perspectives, that of grandparents and grandsons, aliens and humans, young and old. The movie ends with senior citizens (except Bernie) joining the... This "The Art and Science behind Ron Howard’s movies" essay outlines the common features in Howrd’s movies and his filmmaking style. Calling Cocoon just a science fiction movie would be wrong on my part and would not do justice to Howard’s vision of David Saperstein’s unpublished novel (Gray, 2003). The film explores multiple interwoven themes such as ageing, life’s sufferings associated with age, friendships, relationships, aliens etc. and genres such as comedy, science fiction and inspirational drama. There are several storylines that run throughout the movie; (i) that of three-retirement community senior citizens, Arthur (Don Ameche), Ben (Wilford Brimley), and Joe (Hume Cronyn) who yearn to bring back their youth and energy, which they used to rekindle their sexual desires and to engage in socializing and enjoying life once again (ii) another senior citizen Bernie (Jack Gilford) whose pessimistic attitude and stand on ethics costs him the life o f his wife (iii) a group of aliens from planet Antarea led by Walter (Brian Dennehy) who return to earth in search of their fellow Antareans and who stumble upon emotions that could only be experienced by a human. He shares the same stories from different perspectives, that of grandparents and grandsons, aliens and humans, young and old. The movie ends with senior citizens joining the Antareans to opt for an eternal life on another planet and to undo the humiliation they have suffered from their age. It leaves with an ambiguous ending, questioning the rightness of their decision.

Design a preliminary research proposal to study the relationship Essay

Design a preliminary research proposal to study the relationship between breast cancer and fruit & vegetable consumption - Essay Example In the last decade there were determined following risk factors for breast cancer occurrence: family history of breast cancer, early menarche, personal history of breast cancer and previous abnormal breast biopsy, late menopause, race, age, the continuous use of the hormonal preparations, null parity, refuse of breast feeding, obesity etc. Nevertheless the role of dietary factors in breast cancer epidemiology is still unclear. The recent national survey conducted in the United Kingdom was designed as a cohort study assessing the diet of British citizens. This survey (Cancer Research UK EPIC-Oxford study) was aimed to determine the impact of dietary factors on the hormone production and relative risk of breast cancer (van Gils et al., 2005). The primary statistical analysis showed the presence of correlation between the blood levels of estrogens and intake of phytoestrogenes, food fibres, saturated and trans fatty acids, refined sugars etc. Contrarily, there were determined characteristics of the diet having preventive impact on the breast health. Thus low-protein diet and diet restricted in fat and sugars was correlated with lower breast cancer risk. Some investigators discussed the role of fruits and vegetables in the prevention of breast cancer (Freudenheim et al., 1996, Gandini et al., 2000; Smith-Warner S., 2001; Adzersen et al., 2003). The WCRF/AICR guideline (1997) includes recommendations to decrea se the quantities of animal food (red meat, fat) and alcohol and to enrich diet with fruits and vegetables (see table 1 in the Appendix). Some researchers found that both vegetables and fruits intake can decrease breast cancer risk. For example Freudenheim et al. (1996) suggested that the intake of vegetables decreases a risk of premenopausal breast cancer. The authors explain protective impact of the vegetables by the high content of the antioxidant agents (e.g.beta-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin) in green vegetables. Similar data were obtained in the meta-analysis performed by the group of Italian researchers (Gandini et al., 2000). They confirmed the existence of the association between lower breast cancer risk and the intake of vegetables and fruits. On the other hand van Gils et al. (2005) stated in their prospective study that there were "observed no association of risk with either total consumption of vegetables and fruits or with vegetable subgroups" (p. 191). Accordingly to this statement there was developed a deduction about the absence of any significant protective effects for vegetable or fruit intake in relation to breast cancer risk. But the hypothesis about the possibility of such effects is still applicable for the observation of specific subgroups of females. Yorkshire Breast Cancer Research Group reported about the significant declining mortality from breast cancer in this England's largest county (Pisani & Forman, 2004). Authors did not discuss the role of diet in this declining, but they considered that it was rather a result of the long-term effects of both mammography screening and increased use of systemic therapy (p. 152). Yorkshire community took part in the EPIC-Oxford study; nevertheless there were not assessed issues of traditional Yorkshire meal characterising with prevalence of starchy and fatty food (e.g. Yorkshire pudding, Yorkshire parkin, fat rascals etc). Thus regional

To what extent is globalisation a new phenomenon Essay

To what extent is globalisation a new phenomenon - Essay Example hether it symbolizes something â€Å"novel† or a new epoch or merely the most recent and not essentially most important phase in a long historical development. This argument has both an empirical and conceptual aspect. It is debated on the one side that developments and trends connected with the globalization process cannot be compared with the substantiation of internationalization of free flow of products, labour and capital and economic intercourse during the late nineteenth century. According to Dicken (1992), many studies have corroborated that free flow of products; capital and labour were greater in the phases up to First World War than during the last quarter of the twentieth century. (Veltmeyer 13) Further, supporters of globalization are of the view that prior types of this internationalization were not companioned by any extent near the same magnitude of the economic assimilation, and hence it did not end in the formation of an integrated global manufacturing system. Theorists of globalization argue that the whole gamut of change has been buttressed by the enhanced technological process, supported by the increasing role of the multinational corporations and assisted by liberalization and deregulation of market all over the globe. (Griffin and Khan 59-66). These theorists assert that the difference between the present and the past is in the technological conditions of this globalization (a transformation in communication technology and its appropriate policy and institutional frame work (reforms in a free market, measures like structural adjustment) and the magnitude of systematic assimilation or integration. (Veltmeyer 13) When compared to progress during the industrial revolution and the reforms introduced during and after the First World War, the current globalization process has come with liberalization of free flow of products, capital, services, information and technology. Further, there has been deregulation in associated economic atmospheres

Summary paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Summary paper - Essay Example differs from one hospital to another, and the definite implementation procedure differs depending on the available resources and individual, as well as the kind of the institution in which the RRT is being implemented. Physicians are not included in RRT because they are present in house and we have physician coverage for all patients on the nursing units. A number of pieces had to be put in place for the program to succeed in preparation for implementation of the RRT: staff meetings to elucidate the role of the members of the RRT, a pilot test to project the number of RRT calls, and education of hospital-based care providers and community physicians. A light patient assignment for the nurse who is assigned to the RRT is recommended by the Institute for Healthcare Improvement. Monthly data for the RRT is reviewed by the champions of the implementation procedure in collaboration with the health care quality department. The number and nature of RRT call, the number of codes, and the duration of RRT calls are included in the monthly data. Several modifications to optimize the RRT program were made on the basis of outcomes (Scott et al. 67). The mean duration of the RRT calls has been 53 minutes, but the mean number of call per 24 hours is still merely two. The RRT nurse revisits the nurses who started the call to address any questions that nurse may still have in addition to the time needed for the RRT call. Alternating RRT coverage between the ICU and the cardiac ICU was the other change made after the implementation of RRT. The documentation form developed initially for the RRT calls have been adjusted several times on the basis of feedback from the nurses who used the form. The number of RRT calls reduced in 2006 following the initial implementation of the RRT. This reduction is attributed to the waning consciousness of the presence of RRT support among staff. The number of calls increased when we implemented existing, multi-prolonged communication program to

The Art and Science behind Ron Howards movies Essay

The Art and Science behind Ron Howards movies - Essay Example Although these two movies dive deeply into the struggles of human life: one inevitable (old age) and the other unfortunate (schizophrenia). This write-up explores Ron Howard’s work in both of these movies, focusing on the distinct style the director has used for respective storytelling. Director’s Cut Cocoon (1985) â€Å"Something extraordinary and unexpected can happen any time.† (Gray, 2003) Calling Cocoon just a science fiction movie would be wrong on my part and would not do justice to Howard’s vision of David Saperstein’s unpublished novel (Gray, 2003). The film explores multiple interwoven themes such as ageing, life’s sufferings associated with age, friendships, relationships, aliens etc. and genres such as comedy, science fiction and inspirational drama. There are several storylines that run throughout the movie; (i) that of three-retirement community senior citizens, Arthur (Don Ameche), Ben (Wilford Brimley), and Joe (Hume Cronyn) w ho yearn to bring back their youth and energy, which they used to rekindle their sexual desires and to engage in socializing and enjoying life once again (ii) another senior citizen Bernie (Jack Gilford) whose pessimistic attitude and stand on ethics costs him the life of his wife (iii) a group of aliens from planet Antarea led by Walter (Brian Dennehy) who return to earth in search of their fellow Antareans and who stumble upon emotions that could only be experienced by a human. The way Howard details the lives of all these individuals, particularly life in elderly homes (that can tend to be a dragging subject), is impressive. He shares the same stories from different perspectives, that of grandparents and grandsons, aliens and humans, young and old. The movie ends with senior citizens (except Bernie) joining the... This "The Art and Science behind Ron Howard’s movies" essay outlines the common features in Howrd’s movies and his filmmaking style. Calling Cocoon just a science fiction movie would be wrong on my part and would not do justice to Howard’s vision of David Saperstein’s unpublished novel (Gray, 2003). The film explores multiple interwoven themes such as ageing, life’s sufferings associated with age, friendships, relationships, aliens etc. and genres such as comedy, science fiction and inspirational drama. There are several storylines that run throughout the movie; (i) that of three-retirement community senior citizens, Arthur (Don Ameche), Ben (Wilford Brimley), and Joe (Hume Cronyn) who yearn to bring back their youth and energy, which they used to rekindle their sexual desires and to engage in socializing and enjoying life once again (ii) another senior citizen Bernie (Jack Gilford) whose pessimistic attitude and stand on ethics costs him the life o f his wife (iii) a group of aliens from planet Antarea led by Walter (Brian Dennehy) who return to earth in search of their fellow Antareans and who stumble upon emotions that could only be experienced by a human. He shares the same stories from different perspectives, that of grandparents and grandsons, aliens and humans, young and old. The movie ends with senior citizens joining the Antareans to opt for an eternal life on another planet and to undo the humiliation they have suffered from their age. It leaves with an ambiguous ending, questioning the rightness of their decision.

Design a preliminary research proposal to study the relationship Essay

Design a preliminary research proposal to study the relationship between breast cancer and fruit & vegetable consumption - Essay Example In the last decade there were determined following risk factors for breast cancer occurrence: family history of breast cancer, early menarche, personal history of breast cancer and previous abnormal breast biopsy, late menopause, race, age, the continuous use of the hormonal preparations, null parity, refuse of breast feeding, obesity etc. Nevertheless the role of dietary factors in breast cancer epidemiology is still unclear. The recent national survey conducted in the United Kingdom was designed as a cohort study assessing the diet of British citizens. This survey (Cancer Research UK EPIC-Oxford study) was aimed to determine the impact of dietary factors on the hormone production and relative risk of breast cancer (van Gils et al., 2005). The primary statistical analysis showed the presence of correlation between the blood levels of estrogens and intake of phytoestrogenes, food fibres, saturated and trans fatty acids, refined sugars etc. Contrarily, there were determined characteristics of the diet having preventive impact on the breast health. Thus low-protein diet and diet restricted in fat and sugars was correlated with lower breast cancer risk. Some investigators discussed the role of fruits and vegetables in the prevention of breast cancer (Freudenheim et al., 1996, Gandini et al., 2000; Smith-Warner S., 2001; Adzersen et al., 2003). The WCRF/AICR guideline (1997) includes recommendations to decrea se the quantities of animal food (red meat, fat) and alcohol and to enrich diet with fruits and vegetables (see table 1 in the Appendix). Some researchers found that both vegetables and fruits intake can decrease breast cancer risk. For example Freudenheim et al. (1996) suggested that the intake of vegetables decreases a risk of premenopausal breast cancer. The authors explain protective impact of the vegetables by the high content of the antioxidant agents (e.g.beta-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin) in green vegetables. Similar data were obtained in the meta-analysis performed by the group of Italian researchers (Gandini et al., 2000). They confirmed the existence of the association between lower breast cancer risk and the intake of vegetables and fruits. On the other hand van Gils et al. (2005) stated in their prospective study that there were "observed no association of risk with either total consumption of vegetables and fruits or with vegetable subgroups" (p. 191). Accordingly to this statement there was developed a deduction about the absence of any significant protective effects for vegetable or fruit intake in relation to breast cancer risk. But the hypothesis about the possibility of such effects is still applicable for the observation of specific subgroups of females. Yorkshire Breast Cancer Research Group reported about the significant declining mortality from breast cancer in this England's largest county (Pisani & Forman, 2004). Authors did not discuss the role of diet in this declining, but they considered that it was rather a result of the long-term effects of both mammography screening and increased use of systemic therapy (p. 152). Yorkshire community took part in the EPIC-Oxford study; nevertheless there were not assessed issues of traditional Yorkshire meal characterising with prevalence of starchy and fatty food (e.g. Yorkshire pudding, Yorkshire parkin, fat rascals etc). Thus regional